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Beyond Earth: Lunar and Space Radio Missions Conference

© ASTRON

The Beyond Earth: Lunar and Space Radio Missions conference, held last week, brought together scientists, engineers, and space mission planners to dive into the exciting future of radio astronomy beyond our planet. The focus was clear: how can we use the Moon or outer space as a platform for groundbreaking radio observations? The Moon’s far side, in particular, offers a uniquely quiet environment, free from Earth’s radio noise, making it perfect for studying the early universe and phenomena like exoplanet aurorae. But it’s not just about the science; the conference tackled the tough engineering challenges of actually getting telescopes to work in such harsh environments. There was a push for collaboration, both between disciplines and across countries, recognizing that ambitious projects like these need shared resources and expertise. A key theme was making sure these astronomy goals fit into the larger plans for lunar exploration, so future missions can piggyback scientific instruments without reinventing the wheel each time. The conference wasn’t just a technical workshop—it was a chance to align visions, build partnerships, and spark new ideas for how we explore the universe from beyond Earth. Ultimately, it set the stage for the next wave of space-based radio astronomy, showing that with the right collaboration, the Moon or outer space could become home for our next great radio observatory. In particular, I want to thank Marjan, Liesbet, Henrik and Ekaterina for all their hard work in making the conference possible!

Colloquia

May 1, 2022

The Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS)

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has released its first call for proposal and will be open to the international community next year. Based on a novel technique of high-cadence CAL injection, we have realized the world's first calibrated commensal survey mode, simultaneously taking data for pulsar search, HI galaxies, HI imaging, and FRBs. I introduce here one of the major survey plans, namely, the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS, Li et al. 2018), which has discovered more than 100 new pulsars, including a few dozen MSPs, 5 new FRBs, including one new repeater. I will also briefly describe recent FAST results from CRAFTS and other dedicated programs, including new insights into the characteristic energy of FRBs, the formation process of neutron stars, the evolution of interstellar medium, etc.
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May 14, 2022

Extreme UV Emission: Bridging Galaxy Evolution Across Cosmic Time

In the last few years, our first glimpse of the spectral properties of z∼5−7 galaxies has emerged. Deep UV spectra have revealed prominent high-ionization nebular emission lines (i.e., C IV, He II, C III]) indicating that extreme radiation fields may be characteristic of reionization-era systems. While such strong high-ionization emission lines are atypical of the well-studied z∼0−3 galaxy samples, our recent UV spectral campaigns have revealed several galaxies with analogous emission-line features to reionization-era systems. I will discuss the recent detection of extremely strong UV emission in nearby galaxies and the potential sources of their very hard ionizing radiation fields. Such strong detections of high-ionization emission lines have been linked to the leakage of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons (necessary for reionization) both theoretically and observationally. These extreme UV emission-line dwarf galaxies provide a template for the extreme conditions that are important for reionization, however their features are still poorly understood. In preparation for the coming UV window onto the early universe with the advent of ELTs and JWST, I will introduce the COS Legacy Archival Spectroscopic SurveY - an upcoming large HST program designed to disentangle the stellar and nebular spectral signatures of 45 star-forming galaxies. This program will calibrate new UV diagnostics that will allow us to trace galaxy evolution to the distant universe, unveiling the properties of reionization-era galaxies.
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