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Events

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Daily image

Monitoring and Control, a year of progress

© Henk Mulder

It has been a while and this is a good moment for an update. Last Christmas I still wanted control in Grafana. Now it feels completely normal. Why run many lines of code when you can press a button. LBA and HBA control, element control, station tests, power control and state transitions all run directly in the browser.

Since the last daily image there has been substantial development in monitoring and control. Live data every few seconds, live spectrum plots in the same web based system as all other information, live RTSM data. Everything is integrated, including network information, CEP6, Cobalt flagging, observation info, serial numbers, firmware versions, disk usage, Raspberry Pi data, antenna statuses, logging, calibration information, database syncing and Nomad cluster job information.

In the LOFAR1 world we relied on terminals, log files and individual observation pages to piece together what happened after the fact. Now data from any source can be combined and used for alerting and events appear on the homepage as they occur. Shutting down a station, spotting an oscillating antenna, checking the spectrum and marking the antenna as broken is now a matter of seconds.

The centralized system also exposes issues we did not even know existed. One example is discovering that the Sun can cause false polarity swap indications during the daytime. The fix came from tracking the Sun, now visible in Grafana, and filtering those events. The same applies to maintenance planning, seeing which LBA or HBA require attention first, where major events occur, when they happen and why. Any information can be combined to build a plot or comparison. Tango version, calibration file date, 48 V input voltage and frequency band in one graph is possible when needed to reach the root cause of a problem. Different users can shape the system to their needs.

LOFAR2 will be a different operational environment. The gap between what we had and what is coming cannot be captured in a single daily image. Drop by, explore it and start using it.

Colloquia

May 1, 2022

The Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS)

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has released its first call for proposal and will be open to the international community next year. Based on a novel technique of high-cadence CAL injection, we have realized the world's first calibrated commensal survey mode, simultaneously taking data for pulsar search, HI galaxies, HI imaging, and FRBs. I introduce here one of the major survey plans, namely, the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS, Li et al. 2018), which has discovered more than 100 new pulsars, including a few dozen MSPs, 5 new FRBs, including one new repeater. I will also briefly describe recent FAST results from CRAFTS and other dedicated programs, including new insights into the characteristic energy of FRBs, the formation process of neutron stars, the evolution of interstellar medium, etc.
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May 14, 2022

Extreme UV Emission: Bridging Galaxy Evolution Across Cosmic Time

In the last few years, our first glimpse of the spectral properties of z∼5−7 galaxies has emerged. Deep UV spectra have revealed prominent high-ionization nebular emission lines (i.e., C IV, He II, C III]) indicating that extreme radiation fields may be characteristic of reionization-era systems. While such strong high-ionization emission lines are atypical of the well-studied z∼0−3 galaxy samples, our recent UV spectral campaigns have revealed several galaxies with analogous emission-line features to reionization-era systems. I will discuss the recent detection of extremely strong UV emission in nearby galaxies and the potential sources of their very hard ionizing radiation fields. Such strong detections of high-ionization emission lines have been linked to the leakage of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons (necessary for reionization) both theoretically and observationally. These extreme UV emission-line dwarf galaxies provide a template for the extreme conditions that are important for reionization, however their features are still poorly understood. In preparation for the coming UV window onto the early universe with the advent of ELTs and JWST, I will introduce the COS Legacy Archival Spectroscopic SurveY - an upcoming large HST program designed to disentangle the stellar and nebular spectral signatures of 45 star-forming galaxies. This program will calibrate new UV diagnostics that will allow us to trace galaxy evolution to the distant universe, unveiling the properties of reionization-era galaxies.
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