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Happy spring & Persian New Year!

© Aida Ahmadi & Atefeh Karimi

Today marks the first day of spring and the Persian New Year, known as “Nowruz”, meaning “New Day”. Rooted in ancient Persia, Nowruz has been celebrated for over 3,000 years and is observed by millions of people across Iran, Afghanistan, and parts of Central Asia and the Middle East.

A central Nowruz tradition is the “Haft-Seen” table, which translates to “Seven Ss”. It includes seven symbolic items, each beginning with the Persian letter S, representing themes such as health, love, and prosperity. In addition to these, many families include other meaningful items, such as candles for light and happiness, a mirror for reflection and self-awareness, painted eggs for fertility, a goldfish for life and movement, a book of poetry for knowledge and spirituality, and an orange floating in water symbolizing the Earth suspended in space.

In the weeks leading up to Nowruz, families prepare by cleaning their homes, symbolizing a fresh start. At the moment of the spring equinox, whether it falls during the day or at night, families gather around the Haft-Seen table to welcome the new year together. The celebrations continue for 13 days, during which people visit family and friends, share meals, and sometimes exchange small gifts. For many, Nowruz is both a cultural and seasonal celebration that highlights the importance of nature, reflection, and renewal.

A mini Haft-Seen table has been set up in front of the auditorium at ASTRON, where you can learn more about the meaning of the items and enjoy Persian sweets. The table will be on display for one week. This is part of a new initiative supported by the Equity & Inclusion Committee called “Culture Corner”, where everyone is welcome to share their culture with colleagues at ASTRON. For more information, contact eic@astron.nl.

Colloquia

May 1, 2022

The Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS)

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has released its first call for proposal and will be open to the international community next year. Based on a novel technique of high-cadence CAL injection, we have realized the world's first calibrated commensal survey mode, simultaneously taking data for pulsar search, HI galaxies, HI imaging, and FRBs. I introduce here one of the major survey plans, namely, the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS, Li et al. 2018), which has discovered more than 100 new pulsars, including a few dozen MSPs, 5 new FRBs, including one new repeater. I will also briefly describe recent FAST results from CRAFTS and other dedicated programs, including new insights into the characteristic energy of FRBs, the formation process of neutron stars, the evolution of interstellar medium, etc.
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May 14, 2022

Extreme UV Emission: Bridging Galaxy Evolution Across Cosmic Time

In the last few years, our first glimpse of the spectral properties of z∼5−7 galaxies has emerged. Deep UV spectra have revealed prominent high-ionization nebular emission lines (i.e., C IV, He II, C III]) indicating that extreme radiation fields may be characteristic of reionization-era systems. While such strong high-ionization emission lines are atypical of the well-studied z∼0−3 galaxy samples, our recent UV spectral campaigns have revealed several galaxies with analogous emission-line features to reionization-era systems. I will discuss the recent detection of extremely strong UV emission in nearby galaxies and the potential sources of their very hard ionizing radiation fields. Such strong detections of high-ionization emission lines have been linked to the leakage of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons (necessary for reionization) both theoretically and observationally. These extreme UV emission-line dwarf galaxies provide a template for the extreme conditions that are important for reionization, however their features are still poorly understood. In preparation for the coming UV window onto the early universe with the advent of ELTs and JWST, I will introduce the COS Legacy Archival Spectroscopic SurveY - an upcoming large HST program designed to disentangle the stellar and nebular spectral signatures of 45 star-forming galaxies. This program will calibrate new UV diagnostics that will allow us to trace galaxy evolution to the distant universe, unveiling the properties of reionization-era galaxies.
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